(Peer-Reviewed) Circular cladding waveguides in Pr:YAG fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription: Raman, luminescence properties and guiding performance
Quanxin Yang 杨全鑫 ¹, Hongliang Liu 刘洪亮 ¹ ² ⁵, Shan He 何珊 ¹, Qingyu Tian 田青玉 ⁴, Bin Xu 徐斌 ⁴, Pengfei Wu 武鹏飞 ¹ ³
¹ Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
中国 天津 南开大学现代光学研究所
² Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
中国 天津 天津市光电传感器与传感网络技术重点实验室
³ Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China
中国 天津 天津市微尺度光学信息技术科学重点实验室
⁴ Department of Electronic Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
中国 厦门 厦门大学电子工程系
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
中国 济南 山东大学 晶体材料国家重点实验室
Opto-Electronic Advances, 2021-02-28
Abstract
We report on the fabrication of circular cladding waveguides with cross-section diameters of 60−120 μm in Pr:YAG crystal by applying femtosecond laser inscription. The fabricated waveguides present 2D guidance on the cross-section and fairly low propagation losses. Multiple high-order guiding modes are observed in waveguides with different diameters. Corresponding simulation results reveal the origin of a specific kind of guiding modes.
Confocal micro-Raman (μ-Raman) experiments demonstrate the modification effects in femtosecond laser affected areas and ascertain the refractive index induced guiding mechanism. In addition, luminescence emission properties of Pr3+ ions at waveguide volume are well preserved during the femtosecond laser inscription process, which may result in a potential high-power visible waveguide laser.
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