(Peer-Reviewed) Strong coupling and catenary field enhancement in the hybrid plasmonic metamaterial cavity and TMDC monolayers
Andergachew Mekonnen Berhe, Khalil As'ham, Ibrahim Al-Ani, Haroldo T. Hattori, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko
School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales at Canberra, Northcott Drive, Canberra ACT 2610, Australia
Opto-Electronic Advances, 2024-01-24
Abstract
Strong coupling between resonantly matched surface plasmons of metals and excitons of quantum emitters results in the formation of new plasmon-exciton hybridized energy states. In plasmon-exciton strong coupling, plasmonic nanocavities play a significant role due to their ability to confine light in an ultrasmall volume.
Additionally, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have a significant exciton binding energy and remain stable at ambient conditions, making them an excellent alternative for investigating light-matter interactions. As a result, strong plasmon-exciton coupling has been reported by introducing a single metallic cavity. However, single nanoparticles have lower spatial confinement of electromagnetic fields and limited tunability to match the excitonic resonance.
Here, we introduce the concept of catenary-shaped optical fields induced by plasmonic metamaterial cavities to scale the strength of plasmon-exciton coupling. The demonstrated plasmon modes of metallic metamaterial cavities offer high confinement and tunability and can match with the excitons of TMDCs to exhibit a strong coupling regime by tuning either the size of the cavity gap or thickness.
The calculated Rabi splitting of Au-MoSe2 and Au-WSe2 heterostructures strongly depends on the catenary-like field enhancement induced by the Au cavity, resulting in room-temperature Rabi splitting ranging between 77.86 and 320 meV. These plasmonic metamaterial cavities can pave the way for manipulating excitons in TMDCs and operating active nanophotonic devices at ambient temperature.
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